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  1. Annals of Biomedical Engineering
  2. Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 40
  3. Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 40, Issue 1, January 2012
  4. Brain Injuries from Blast
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Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 45
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 44
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 43
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 42
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 41
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 40
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 40, Issue 12, December 2012
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 40, Issue 11, November 2012
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 40, Issue 10, October 2012
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 40, Issue 9, September 2012
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 40, Issue 8, August 2012
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 40, Issue 7, July 2012
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 40, Issue 6, June 2012
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 40, Issue 5, May 2012
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 40, Issue 4, April 2012
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 40, Issue 3, March 2012
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 40, Issue 2, February 2012
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 40, Issue 1, January 2012
Rotational Head Kinematics in Football Impacts: An Injury Risk Function for Concussion
The Relationship Between Subconcussive Impacts and Concussion History on Clinical Measures of Neurologic Function in Collegiate Football Players
Dynamic Changes in Neural Circuit Topology Following Mild Mechanical Injury In Vitro
High School and Collegiate Football Athlete Concussions: A Biomechanical Review
Effect of Mouthguards on Head Responses and Mandible Forces in Football Helmet Impacts
Viscoelastic Properties of the Rat Brain in the Sagittal Plane: Effects of Anatomical Structure and Age
Validation of Concussion Risk Curves for Collegiate Football Players Derived from HITS Data
The Effect of Play Type and Collision Closing Distance on Head Impact Biomechanics
Football Helmet Drop Tests on Different Fields Using an Instrumented Hybrid III Head
A Review of Return to Play Issues and Sports-Related Concussion
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Predictors Based on Angular Accelerations During Impacts
Maximum Principal Strain and Strain Rate Associated with Concussion Diagnosis Correlates with Changes in Corpus Callosum White Matter Indices
Head Impact Biomechanics in Youth Hockey: Comparisons Across Playing Position, Event Types, and Impact Locations
Concussions Experienced by Major League Baseball Catchers and Umpires: Field Data and Experimental Baseball Impacts
Impact Performance of Modern Football Helmets
Change in Size and Impact Performance of Football Helmets from the 1970s to 2010
Brain Injuries from Blast
Development of a Multimodal Blast Sensor for Measurement of Head Impact and Over-pressurization Exposure
Evaluation of Three Animal Models for Concussion and Serious Brain Injury
Mild Neurotrauma Indicates a Range-Specific Pressure Response to Low Level Shock Wave Exposure
Measuring Head Kinematics in Football: Correlation Between the Head Impact Telemetry System and Hybrid III Headform
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 39
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 38
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 37
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 36
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 35
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 34
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 33
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 32
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 31
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 30
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 29
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 28
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 27
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 26
Annals of Biomedical Engineering : Volume 25

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Brain Injuries from Blast

Content Provider SpringerLink
Author Bass, Cameron R. Panzer, Matthew B. Rafaels, Karen A. Wood, Garrett Shridharani, Jay Capehart, Bruce
Copyright Year 2011
Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) from blast produces a number of conundrums. This review focuses on five fundamental questions including: (1) What are the physical correlates for blast TBI in humans? (2) Why is there limited evidence of traditional pulmonary injury from blast in current military field epidemiology? (3) What are the primary blast brain injury mechanisms in humans? (4) If TBI can present with clinical symptoms similar to those of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), how do we clinically differentiate blast TBI from PTSD and other psychiatric conditions? (5) How do we scale experimental animal models to human response? The preponderance of the evidence from a combination of clinical practice and experimental models suggests that blast TBI from direct blast exposure occurs on the modern battlefield. Progress has been made in establishing injury risk functions in terms of blast overpressure time histories, and there is strong experimental evidence in animal models that mild brain injuries occur at blast intensities that are similar to the pulmonary injury threshold. Enhanced thoracic protection from ballistic protective body armor likely plays a role in the occurrence of blast TBI by preventing lung injuries at blast intensities that could cause TBI. Principal areas of uncertainty include the need for a more comprehensive injury assessment for mild blast injuries in humans, an improved understanding of blast TBI pathophysiology of blast TBI in animal models and humans, the relationship between clinical manifestations of PTSD and mild TBI from blunt or blast trauma including possible synergistic effects, and scaling between animals models and human exposure to blasts in wartime and terrorist attacks. Experimental methodologies, including location of the animal model relative to the shock or blast source, should be carefully designed to provide a realistic blast experiment with conditions comparable to blasts on humans. If traditional blast scaling is appropriate between species, many reported rodent blast TBI experiments using air shock tubes have blast overpressure conditions that are similar to human long-duration nuclear blasts, not high explosive blasts.
Starting Page 185
Ending Page 202
Page Count 18
File Format PDF
ISSN 00906964
Journal Annals of Biomedical Engineering
Volume Number 40
Issue Number 1
e-ISSN 15739686
Language English
Publisher Springer US
Publisher Date 2011-10-20
Publisher Place Boston
Access Restriction One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword Traumatic brain injury Post-traumatic stress disorder Shock tube Animal models Injury mechanisms Pathophysiology Military Civilian Mechanics Biochemistry Biomedical Engineering Biophysics and Biological Physics Biomedicine general
Content Type Text
Resource Type Article
Subject Biomedical Engineering
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