NDLI: Apigenin-7-<i>O</i>-β-d-glucuronide inhibits LPS-induced inflammation through the inactivation of AP-1 and MAPK signaling pathways in RAW 264.7 macrophages and protects mice against endotoxin shock

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Shen, Ting Si, Chuan-Ling Hu, Weicheng Ji, Lilian Zhao, Xihong Wang, Xinfeng Wu, Lei Jiang, Yunyao Wang, Gongcheng
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide (AG), an active flavonoid derivative isolated from the agricultural residue of Juglans sigillata fruit husks, possesses multiple pharmacological activities, including anti-oxidant, anti-complement, and aldose reductase inhibitory activities. To date, no report has identified the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of AG. This study was therefore designed to characterize the molecular mechanisms of AG on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory cytokines in RAW 264.7 cells and on endotoxin-induced shock in mice. AG suppressed the release of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages in a dose-dependent manner without affecting cell viability. Additionally, AG suppressed LPS-induced mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and TNF-α. AG treatment decreased the translocation of c-Jun into the nucleus, and decreased activator protein-1 (AP-1)-mediated luciferase activity through the inhibition of both p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation. Consistent with the in vitro observations, AG protected mice from LPS-induced endotoxin shock by inhibiting proinflammatory cytokine production. Taken together, these results suggest that AG may be used as a source of anti-inflammatory agents as well as a dietary complement for health promotion.
Starting Page	1002
Ending Page	1013
Page Count	12
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	20426496
Volume Number	7
Issue Number	2
Journal	Food & Function
DOI	10.1039/c5fo01212k
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	AG Apigenin Flavonoid Walnut Aldose reductase Lipopolysaccharide Raw image format Nitric oxide Prostaglandin Necrosis Tumor necrosis factor alpha Macrophage Messenger RNA Nitric oxide synthase Cyclooxygenase Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 C-jun Protein Luciferase P38 mitogen-activated protein kinases Mitogen-activated protein kinase Extracellular signal\u2013regulated kinases Phosphorylation Proinflammatory cytokine
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Food Science Medicine

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