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Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
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Author | Dunne, Eimear M. Schobesberger, Siegfried Ehrhart, Sebastian Curtius, Joachim Ehn, Mikael Tsagkogeorgas, Georgios Kurtén, Theo Petäjä, Tuukka Dommen, Josef Kirkby, Jasper Worsnop, Douglas R. Breitenlechner, Martin Praplan, Arnaud P. Sipilä, Mikko Onnela, Antti Wimmer, Daniela Baltensperger, Urs Carslaw, Kenneth S. Lehtipalo, Katrianne Flagan, Richard C. Tomé, António Keskinen, Helmi Almeida, João Kajos, Maija Kürten, Andreas Amorim, Antonio Hansel, Armin Junninen, Heikki Nieminen, Tuomo Downard, Andrew J. Mathot, Serge Kupc, Agnieszka Schallhart, Simon Franchin, Alessandro Duplissy, Jonathan Lönn, Gustaf Rondo, Linda Bianchi, Federico Ortega, Ismael K. Riccobono, Francesco Schnitzhofer, Ralf Santos, Filipe D. Donahue, Neil M. Kulmala, Markku Laaksonen, Ari Hutterli, Manuel Vehkamäki, Hanna |
Description | Author Affiliation: Schobesberger S ( Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.); |
Abstract | Atmospheric aerosols formed by nucleation of vapors affect radiative forcing and therefore climate. However, the underlying mechanisms of nucleation remain unclear, particularly the involvement of organic compounds. Here, we present high-resolution mass spectra of ion clusters observed during new particle formation experiments performed at the Cosmics Leaving Outdoor Droplets chamber at the European Organization for Nuclear Research. The experiments involved sulfuric acid vapor and different stabilizing species, including ammonia and dimethylamine, as well as oxidation products of pinanediol, a surrogate for organic vapors formed from monoterpenes. A striking resemblance is revealed between the mass spectra from the chamber experiments with oxidized organics and ambient data obtained during new particle formation events at the Hyytiälä boreal forest research station. We observe that large oxidized organic compounds, arising from the oxidation of monoterpenes, cluster directly with single sulfuric acid molecules and then form growing clusters of one to three sulfuric acid molecules plus one to four oxidized organics. Most of these organic compounds retain 10 carbon atoms, and some of them are remarkably highly oxidized (oxygen-to-carbon ratios up to 1.2). The average degree of oxygenation of the organic compounds decreases while the clusters are growing. Our measurements therefore connect oxidized organics directly, and in detail, with the very first steps of new particle formation and their growth between 1 and 2 nm in a controlled environment. Thus, they confirm that oxidized organics are involved in both the formation and growth of particles under ambient conditions. |
ISSN | 00278424 |
e-ISSN | 10916490 |
Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
Issue Number | 43 |
Volume Number | 110 |
Language | English |
Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
Publisher Date | 2013-10-01 |
Publisher Place | United States |
Access Restriction | Open |
Subject Keyword | Atmosphere Chemistry Monoterpenes Organic Chemicals Sulfuric Acids Aerosols Ammonia Dimethylamines Environmental Monitoring Instrumentation Mass Spectrometry Oxidation-Reduction Particle Size Reproducibility Of Results Volatilization Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Multidisciplinary |
Content Type | Text |
Resource Type | Article |
Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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