NDLI: Is it a (fe)male pain? Portuguese nurses' and laypeople's gendered representations of common pains.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Bernardes, S. F. Silva, S. A. Carvalho, H. Costa, M. Pereira, S.
Description	Country affiliation: Portugal Author Affiliation: Bernardes SF ( Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Lisbon, Portugal)
Abstract	BACKGROUND: Although many studies have explored gender role expectations of pain behaviours in different cultures, only a few authors have tried to explore whether certain pains are more associated with the typical man or woman. Hence, this study aimed at exploring, among Portuguese laypeople and nurses, patterns of common pains more strongly associated with the typical man or woman, and their relationship with health-care training and personal pain experiences. METHODS: A total of 68 nurses (76% women) and 55 laypeople (62% women) were asked to identify, through free association, the most frequent common pains that people in general associate with the typical man and woman, respectively, and also to report their personal past pain experiences. A content analysis was used to categorize and quantify participants' responses. A multiple correspondence analysis was performed to identify gendered patterns of common pains, followed by a cluster analysis to classify participants according to their endorsed patterns. RESULTS: Findings showed that while 'back and musculoskeletal pains' was the only pattern associated with the typical man, more differentiated patterns of pains were associated with the typical woman, namely (1) headaches; (2) abdominal, back and musculoskeletal pains; and (3) pains due to hormonal cycles, labour/puerperium and from the urinary/reproductive system. These representations were shared by laypeople and nurses and were only significantly associated with personal experiences of pains from the urinary/reproductive system. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified different gendered patterns of common pains, which may have important implications for (wo)men's pain experiences and how these are interpreted by others.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	10903801
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	18
e-ISSN	15322149
Journal	European Journal of Pain
Language	English
Publisher	Wiley-Blackwell
Publisher Date	2014-04-01
Publisher Place	Great Britain (UK)
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Discipline Neurology Discipline Anesthesiology Behavior Nurses Pain Etiology Physiopathology Adult Female Humans Male Middle Aged Diagnosis Sex Characteristics Sex Distribution Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject Domain (in MeSH)	Eukaryota Nervous System Diseases Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena Social Sciences Persons
Subject	Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine

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